Power Mod Calculator

This calculator solves the expression (base ^ exponent) mod modulus. This operation finds the remainder when the power base ^ exponent is divided by the modulus.

Calculating the full power can result in extremely large numbers. To handle this, the calculator uses an efficient algorithm called Exponentiation by Squaring (or binary exponentiation).

The Algorithm:

• It processes the exponent in its binary form.
• It repeatedly squares the base (modulo the modulus) at each step.
• If a bit in the exponent's binary form is '1', it multiplies the current result by the current base value.

This method keeps the intermediate numbers small and manageable, making it ideal for cryptography and number theory.