Long division is a standard algorithm for dividing multi-digit numbers. It breaks down a division problem into a series of easier steps.

The Steps (DMSB):

1. Divide: Divide the first digit(s) of the dividend by the divisor. Write the result (quotient) above the dividend.
2. Multiply: Multiply the new quotient digit by the divisor. Write the result below the dividend.
3. Subtract: Subtract the result from the step above. Write the difference below.
4. Bring down: Bring down the next digit from the dividend to the right of the difference.

Repeat these steps until there are no more digits to bring down from the dividend. The final number left after the last subtraction is the remainder.

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